vSphere does not explicitly restrict users with the same authentication credentials from accessing and taking action within the vSphere environment simultaneously.
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Even if the user lists of a host and a vCenter Server system appear to have common users (for instance, a user called devuser), these users are separate users with the same name. The attributes of devuser in vCenter Server, including permissions, passwords, and so forth, are separate from the attributes of devuser on the ESXi host. If you log in to vCenter Server as devuser, you might have permission to view and delete files from a datastore. If you log in to an ESXi host as devuser, you might not have these permissions.
Users authorized to work directly on an ESXi host are added to the internal user list when ESXi is installed or can be added by a system administrator after installation. You can use vicfg-user to add users, remove users, change passwords, and configure permissions.
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Caution See the Authentication and User Management chapter of vSphere Security for information about root users before you make any changes to the default users. Mistakes regarding root users can have serious access consequences.
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The root user has full administrative privileges. Administrators use this login and its associated password to log in to a host through the vSphere Client. Root users can control all aspects of the host that they are logged on to. Root users can manipulate permissions, creating users (on ESXi hosts only), working with events, and so on.
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The vpxuser user is a vCenter Server entity with root rights on the ESXi host, allowing it to manage activities for that host. The system creates vpxuser when an ESXi host is attached to vCenter Server. vpxuser is not present on the ESXi host unless the host is being managed through vCenter Server.
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The following example scenario illustrates some of the tasks that you can perform. Specify one of the options listed in Connection Options in place of <conn_options>.
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Modify the password for user user27.
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The system might return Updated user user27 successfully.
The system prompts whether you want to change the password, which might be advisable if the user does not currently have a password. Answer y or n. The system then updates the user.
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Remove the user with login ID user27.
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